极化
热电性
铁电性
压电
聚合物
材料科学
铁电聚合物
极化(电化学)
偶极子
陶瓷
复合材料
高分子化学
电介质
化学
有机化学
光电子学
物理化学
出处
期刊:IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation
[Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers]
日期:1989-06-01
卷期号:24 (3): 375-394
被引量:331
摘要
Piezoelectric properties of polymeric substances arise from either the poling-induced orientation of molecular dipoles (class 1) or the uniaxial orientation of chiral chain molecules (class 2). The class 1 polymers include ferroelectric polymers, polar polymers with frozen-in dipole orientation, and the composites of polymers with ferroelectric ceramics. Details of the poling procedure in representative materials are described, and optimum poling conditions are suggested. Resulting piezoelectric and pyroelectric activities are specified as a function of remnant polarization, and underlying basic mechanisms are summarized. The class 2 polymers consist of drawn optically active polymers and exhibit face-shear piezoelectricity appearing in proportion to the orientation coefficient of chain axes. The spontaneous polarization of ferroelectric liquid-crystalline polymers is attributable to this type of piezoelectricity coupled with the spontaneous strain.< >
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