Effect of Preoperative Acupuncture and Epidural Steroid Injection on Early Postoperative Infection After Lumbar Spinal Fusion

Acupuncture and epidural steroid injection (ESI) are frequently performed in patients with degenerative lumbar disease. The purpose of this study was to explore preoperative acupuncture and ESI as risk factors for postoperative infection after elective lumbar fusion.