Dielectric and Ferroelectric Characterization of Niobium Doped Pzt (52/48) Nanoceramics

A sol-gel synthesis technique was used to prepare the perovskite Pb(Nbx(Zr0.52Ti0.48)(1-x))O3 (where x = 0, 0.02) nanoceramics. X-ray powder diffraction and thermogravimetric studies were conducted to confirm the structure formation. Complex Impedance Spectroscopy (CIS) was used to analyze the dielectric properties as a function of temperature and frequency, and an Arrhenius plot was used to calculate the activation energy. A ferroelectric hysteresis loop obtained by ferroelectric loop tracing was used to calculate saturation polarization (Ps), remnant polarization (Pr) and coercive electric field (Ec). The primary goal of this research is to determine how doping with niobium affects the dielectric and ferroelectric properties of PZT (52/48).