A simple model for evaluating the performance of sparker source with multi-electrode array

Sparker sources have been widely applied in high-resolution seismic explorations. However, to date, there exists no model that can directly predict the electro-acoustic characteristics of a sparker source with a multi-electrode array. In this Letter, we propose an analytical water-resistance model that yields a more accurate loop current. A simplified energy conservation model and the multi-bubble dynamics equations are used to evaluate the electro-acoustic process. Considering the bubble interaction will give a better prediction of multi-bubble dynamics. Regardless of the bubble interaction, the model is also able to obtain the desirable loop current and shockwave. Finally, with the influence of electrode considered, we use the model to evaluate the performance of a 50 × 8 array. The modeling results agree well with the field trials.