Encapsulation of indole-3-carbinol in Pickering emulsions stabilized by OSA-modified high amylose corn starch: Preparation, characterization and storage stability properties

The stability of hydrophobic bioactive compound indole-3-carbinol (I3C) is a challenge for application. In this work, Pickering emulsions were prepared to encapsulate I3C. As the emulsifier, high amylose corn starch was pretreated by acid hydrolysis, afterwards modified by different concentrations of octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA), and their emulsions were evaluated. The XRD, SEM and FTIR results indicated the successful modification. ζ-potential, mean droplet size and emulsification index (EI) of the emulsions confirmed that modified starch with a higher degree of substitution (DS) was more effective for enhancing the storage stability. The results of encapsulation efficiency (EE) and retention degree of I3C after 14 d also proved the assumption. Moreover, the Pickering emulsions protected I3C against ultraviolet light and achieved controlled release in vitro. The food-grade Pickering emulsion loading I3C is promising to be used as a nutrient or dietary supplement for food applications.