材料科学
气凝胶
复合材料
假弹性
层状结构
碳纳米管
电磁屏蔽
微观结构
马氏体
作者
Bowen Liu,Min Cao,Yiying Zhang,Yu‐Zhong Wang,Haibo Zhao
出处
期刊:Nano Research
[Springer Nature]
日期:2022-07-14
卷期号:15 (9): 7797-7805
被引量:40
标识
DOI:10.1007/s12274-022-4699-2
摘要
Protective materials that possess superelasticity and multifunctionality over a broad temperature range are urgently needed in various advanced applications. However, under harsh work conditions, the performance of current materials may largely deteriorate to lose protective functionality. Herein, we report a bidirectionally oriented multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)-reinforced chitosan carbon aerogel (CS-MWCNT) that possesses superelasticity, high electromagnetic interference shielding, thermal insulation, and infrared stealth at both low temperatures (such as liquid nitrogen) and high temperatures (such as alcohol flames). Highly oriented lamellar arch structures combined with an MWCNTs-reinforced carbon skeleton act as elastic segments to disperse the stress during compression and endow CS-MWCNT with the ability to recover to almost the original size after being compressed at −196–500 °C. The lamellar structures make CS-MWCNT thermally insulating and infrared stealth with a low thermal conductivity of ∼ 0.03 W/(mK). Furthermore, a high electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding effect of 64 dB is realized via an absorption-dominant EMI shielding mechanism derived from the successive inherently conductive carbon lamella, and the EMI shielding performance is largely maintained after treatment under extreme conditions like low temperature, high temperature, as well as cyclic compression. This work provides a new strategy for the development of temperature-invariant multifunctional aerogels for harsh environment applications.
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