Prognostic Value of Systemic Arterial Lactate Levels in Patients with ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Abstract Background Acute myocardial infarction is the most severe manifestation of coronary artery disease, which causes more than 2.4 million deaths in the USA, more than 4 million deaths in Europe and northern Asia, and more than a third of deaths in developed nations annually. Objective To assess the prognostic value of systemic arterial lactate levels in patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary PCI and correlate with the results of primary PCI and 30 days MACE follow up. Patients and Methods This study included 300 patients who presented with documented STEMI and underwent reperfusion by successful primary PCI in Ain Shams University hospitals. Results There was statistically significant positive correlation found between serum lactate and (WBCs) count, (HbA1C) level and cardiac enzymes (CKtotal - CKmb – troponin) and negative correlation found between serum lactate and ejection fraction in echocardiography. Also, we found that other parameters were associated with MACE follow up in 30 days such as Killip class at admission, ST segment elevation resolution, heart block in ECG, lower ejection fraction, dyslipidemia, post-procedure TIMI flow, peri-procedural time intervals and occurrence of complications. Conclusion The value of an early lactate measurement in patients with STEMI is to be a part of the risk stratification of these patients and intensified medical care should be considered to patients with strongly elevated lactate levels. Also, increasing arterial lactate levels were associated with occurrence of MACE in 30 days, worse hemodynamics, lower ejection fraction in echocardiography, higher HbA1C level, large infarct area (cardiac biomarkers peak level), poor post-procedure TIMI flow and thrombus grade.