癌变
DNA修复
生物
电离辐射
基因
DNA损伤
癌症研究
细胞生物学
镜头(地质)
炎症
抑制器
核苷酸切除修复
致癌物
DNA
遗传学
免疫学
辐照
物理
古生物学
核物理学
作者
Nobuyuki Hamada,Yuki Fujimichi
出处
期刊:Cancer Letters
[Elsevier]
日期:2015-11-01
卷期号:368 (2): 262-274
被引量:47
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.02.017
摘要
Ionizing radiation is a proven human carcinogen and cataractogen. The crystalline lens of the eye is among the most radiosensitive tissues in the body. A clouding of the normally transparent lens (i.e., cataract) is very common. Conversely, the lens continues to grow throughout life without developing tumors, suggesting that the lens possesses strong anti-carcinogenesis mechanisms. There is mounting evidence that mutations of oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, DNA repair genes involved in base excision repair, nucleotide excision repair, and DNA double-strand break repair, and genes involved in intercellular interactions (e.g., via connexin gap junctions), and inflammation affect cataract development. Associations of these factors with cancer have long been recognized, highlighting that cataractogenesis shares some common mechanisms with carcinogenesis. This paper briefly overviews the current knowledge on the potential involvement of tumor related factors, DNA repair factors, intercellular interactions and inflammation in spontaneous cataractogenesis, and discusses its implications for cataractogenesis induced by targeted and nontargeted effects of ionizing irradiation.
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