Identification and Antiproliferative Activity of Polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake(mushroom)

Tricholoma matsutake,also known as king of mushrooms contains polysaccharides that had been reported to have anti-cancer, anti-radiation, and immune-enhancing effects. In this study, polysaccharides from Tricholoma matsutake(TM-P) were isolated and purified using a diethylaminoethyl(DEAE) Sepharose fast-flow column and a Sephadex G-75 column, which resulted in four purified fractions: TM-P1 A, TM-P1 B, TM-P2 A, and TM-P2 B. Structural characterization of these polysaccharide fractions was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS), high-performance gel permeation chromatography(HP-GPC), and nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) spectra. The results showed that the main components of TM-P1 A and TM-P2 B were glucose and galactose with a small amount of mannose in molar ratios of 8.7:1.8:1.0 and 8.9:1.3:1.0, respectively. TM-P2 A was composed of glucose, galactose, mannose, and fucose, with a molar ratio of 17.7:7.9:3.9:1.0. The main component of TM-P2 B was β-1,6-glucopyranose(unbranched) with a small amount of β-1,6-galactopyranose and β-1,6-mannopyranose. Among all fractions, TM-P2 B showed the strongest antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. The oxygen radical absorbance capacity of TM-P2 B was 2475.33±15.32 μmolTrolox/g. At a concentration of 1.0 mg/mL, TM-P2 B showed 90.23% ± 2.17% inhibition of HepG2 human hepatoma cells, which was 1.2 and 3.1 times that observed with TM-P2 A and TM-P1 A, respectively. This study provides important information for further application and development of Tricholoma matsutakeand related products.