Protection of historical and cultural areas is of great significance to sustainable development of the city of Shanghai. The suburban historical and cultural areas bear regional characteristics and cultural values that the ones in the city center do not have. Therefore, the protection and renewal of the suburban historical cultural areas should be paid attention to. This paper sorts out relevant literature in the field of historic preservation; analyzes practical cases and explores protection framework of historical and cultural areas. Taking Guangming Street Historical and Cultural Area in Bao Town, Shanghai as an example, this paper makes an in-depth protection planning of the area from five aspects: land use, architecture, roads and streets, public space and local culture based on the problems shown in the current situation of the area. In the end, strategies regarding implementation and management of protection planning are put forward to support sustainable development and active utilization of the suburban historical and cultural areas.