Gut microbiome dysbiosis and inflammatory bowel disease complement each other

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract. The worldwide increase in the incidence of IBD imposes a significant economic burden on patients and communities. Recently, numerous studies have shown that disruption of the balance between the host and microbes, known as dysbiosis, is strongly associated with the development of IBD. Summary: Dysbiosis can be influenced by diet, lifestyle rhythms, hygiene conditions, drugs, and the inflammatory state of IBD patients. In the microbiome microenvironment, dysbiosis can be influenced by the microbiome and metabolites. Gut microbiome dysbiosis in IBD patients can play a proinflammatory role by disrupting the intestinal barrier and modulating the immune system, leading to the worsening or recurrence of IBD. In future studies, the mechanisms of dysbiosis in IBD and its influencing factors should be investigated from a more macroscopic perspective to propose new valuable diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Key Messages: Gut microbiome dysbiosis can lead to the development of inflammatory bowel disease, and inflammatory bowel disease can in turn exacerbate gut microbiome dysbiosis, creating a vicious cycle.