Optically pumped solid-state MASER with advanced antenna design

The MASER, analogous to a laser but operating in the microwave range, amplifies electromagnetic waves through stimulated emission. Recent advancements in optically pumping Masers have reinvigorated the field, overcoming limitations such as high vacuum, strong magnetic fields, and extreme temperatures. This work presents a miniaturised hairpin cavity for microwave antenna design utilising optical Maser sources. The miniaturised cavity demonstrates its performance through simulations and experimentally by combining optical pumping with an optimised setup. The analysis reveals successful resonance at 1.45GHz, with high Q-factors and smaller volumes, facilitating the miniaturisation of Maser cavities. Furthermore, a novel toroidal resonator is investigated via simulation.