生物
细胞器
运输机
线粒体
共转运蛋白
跨膜蛋白
基因
异源表达
跨膜结构域
主要促进者超家族
细胞生物学
反转运蛋白
线粒体载体
遗传学
细菌外膜
膜
重组DNA
受体
大肠杆菌
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.mam.2012.05.005
摘要
SLC25 is a large family of nuclear-encoded transporters embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane and in a few cases other organelle membranes. The members of this superfamily are widespread in eukaryotes and involved in numerous metabolic pathways and cell functions. They can be easily recognized by their striking sequence features, i.e., a tripartite structure, six transmembrane α-helices and a 3-fold repeated signature motifs. SLC25 members vary greatly in the nature and size of their transported substrates, modes of transport (i.e., uniport, symport or antiport) and driving forces, although the molecular mechanism of substrate translocation may be basically the same. Based on substrate specificity, 24 subfamilies, well conserved throughout evolution, have been functionally characterized mainly by transport assays upon heterologous gene expression, purification and reconstitution into liposomes. Several other SLC25 family members remain to be characterized. In recent years mutations in the SLC25 genes have been shown to be responsible for 11 diseases, highlighting the important role of SLC25 in metabolism.
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