Impact of Biscuit Fortified with Iron Nanoparticles as Food Supplement on Anemia in Albino Rat Model

Biscuits are favored products for people of different ages world-wide due to its high-energy foods, long shelf-life, and easy absorption.This study aimed to evaluate the fortified biscuit with iron nanoparticles (Fe2O3-NPs) as novel approach to overcome iron deficiency anemia (IDA) disease.In preliminary experiments, we utilized 4 groups of albino rats as follows; negative group (G1; control), positive group (G2), treated anemic group (G3), and untreated anemic group (G4).The SEM, XRD, histopathological, and hematology tests were performed.The results revealed that the Fe2O3-NPs was at 49.5±5 nm, homogenous, and purity.Fortified biscuits with Fe2O3-NPs increased the iron level (289±1.0mg/dL), red blood counts (9.1±0.2 10 12 /L), and hemoglobin (18±0.25 g/dL) in the G3 compared to other groups.Histological examination showed that no significant effects on the spleen, kidney, and liver.Results demonstrated that the fortified biscuit with Fe2O3-NPs (10 ppm) at 49.5±5 nm is more effective in IDA treatment.