动作电位
白质
星形胶质细胞
神经科学
腺苷
化学
生物物理学
三磷酸腺苷
电生理学
膜电位
去极化
轴突
钠通道
细胞生物学
超极化(物理学)
生物
中枢神经系统
生物化学
医学
放射科
磁共振成像
作者
Jonathan Lezmy,I. Lorena Arancibia-Carcamo,Tania Quintela-López,Diane L. Sherman,Peter M. Brophy,David Attwell
出处
期刊:Science
[American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)]
日期:2021-10-15
卷期号:374 (6565)
被引量:22
标识
DOI:10.1126/science.abh2858
摘要
In the brain’s gray matter, astrocytes regulate synapse properties, but their role is unclear for the white matter, where myelinated axons rapidly transmit information between gray matter areas. We found that in rodents, neuronal activity raised the intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) in astrocyte processes located near action potential–generating sites in the axon initial segment (AIS) and nodes of Ranvier of myelinated axons. This released adenosine triphosphate, which was converted extracellularly to adenosine and thus, through A2a receptors, activated HCN2-containing cation channels that regulate two aspects of myelinated axon function: excitability of the AIS and speed of action potential propagation. Variations in astrocyte-derived adenosine level between wake and sleep states or during energy deprivation could thus control white matter information flow and neural circuit function.
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