A review of magnetic ordered materials in biomedical field: Constructions, applications and prospects

Magnetic ordered materials based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) possessing distinct and tunable morphological characteristics, magnetic property and excellent magnetic anisotropy, have received tremendous attentions, especially in biomedical fields. This review clearly organized the construction routes used to prepare magnetic ordered materials, including magnetic field-induced arrangement and orderly manufacturing-based construction. By focusing on the most relevant and the latest advances related to the biomedical applications in cell fate research, bio-inspired fabrication, magnetic hyperthermia, and magnetic resonance imaging, the unique advantages of magnetic ordered materials are presented and highlighted compared with magnetic unordered assemblies. Although the biosafety of many MNPs has been approved by Food and Drug Administration, future developments of magnetic ordered materials should be still centered on the safety, functional and structural diversity for interdisciplinary research. The review was concluded with a compelling perspective outlook and non-trivial challenges in future investigation of magnetic ordered materials.