Antiviral-nanoparticle interactions and reactions

From the current pandemic has blossomed a considerable range of virus and antiviral research including, but not limited to, surface disinfection, fluid filtration, vaccines, and therapeutics. Over the last decade, nanoparticle-microbe and antimicrobial nanomaterial research has flourished with a vast number of publications. In comparison, nanoparticle-virus and antiviral nanomaterial research has been relatively quiet and understudied, in particular considering the present need. Here, we present a brief review on the virus-nanoparticle literature focusing on antiviral potential of nanoparticle-virus interactions and nanoparticle-driven viral reactions. We then propose nanomaterial design parameters to optimize for viral interactions to reduce infectivity and to ultimately inactivate the virus. Future directions for antiviral nanomaterial research will be discussed.