Au nanoparticle-controlled formation of metallic and oxidized Pt nanoparticles on graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for H2 evolution

Metallic Pt electron-sink and Au LSPR effects, as well as the excellent co-catalyst capacity of Pt/Pt²⁺, synergistically enhance the H₂ evolution rate of g-C₃N₄ with trace noble metal consumption.