Activated supramolecular nano-agents: From diagnosis to imaging-guided tumor treatment

Supramolecular well-ordered nanomaterials have been successfully amplifying the efficiency of phototherapy in early diagnosis and timely remedies through noncovalent interactions that precisely modulate their physicochemical properties. This review emphasizes the problem-solving approach of phototherapy and how to overcome its inherent imperfections by fabricating an innovative supramolecular photosensitizer, applying hypoxic conditions, and improving depth penetration. An enhanced understanding of the basics of the programmed activated mechanism of supramolecular assembly could lead to simpler and more environmentally friendly strategies for in vivo targeting of tumor sites, fewer side effects on normal tissues, safer and more effective profiles of the designed nanomaterials, and, ultimately, improved clinical results.