微透镜
光场
摄影
计算机视觉
计算机图形学(图像)
计算机科学
照相机镜头
人工智能
光学
景深
图像传感器
计算摄影
立体摄像机
光圈(计算机存储器)
镜头(地质)
日光
摄像机自动校准
摄像机切除
物理
图像处理
艺术
图像(数学)
视觉艺术
声学
作者
Ren Ng,Marc Levoy,Mathieu Brédif,Gene Duval,Mark Horowitz,Pat Hanrahan
出处
期刊:Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe - HAL - Diderot
日期:2005-04-01
被引量:1649
摘要
This paper presents a camera that samples the 4D light field on its sensor in a single photographic exposure. This is achieved by inserting a microlens array between the sensor and main lens, creating a plenoptic camera. Each microlens measures not just the total amount of light deposited at that location, but how much light arrives along each ray. By re-sorting the measured rays of light to where they would have terminated in slightly different, synthetic cameras, we can compute sharp photographs focused at different depths. We show that a linear increase in the resolution of images under each microlens results in a linear increase in the sharpness of the refocused photographs. This property allows us to extend the depth of field of the camera without reducing the aperture, enabling shorter exposures and lower image noise. Especially in the macrophotography regime, we demonstrate that we can also compute synthetic photographs from a range of different viewpoints. These capabilities argue for a different strategy in designing photographic imaging systems. To the photographer, the plenoptic camera operates exactly like an ordinary hand-held camera. We have used our prototype to take hundreds of light field photographs, and we present examples of portraits, high-speed action and macro close-ups.
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