New Research Progress of Modified Bone Cement Applied to Vertebroplasty

Percutaneous vertebroplasty and percutaneous kyphoplasty are effective methods to treat acute osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures that can quickly provide patients with pain relief, prevent further height loss of the vertebral body, and help correct kyphosis. Many clinical studies have investigated the characteristics of bone cement. Bone cement is a biomaterial injected into the vertebral body that must have good biocompatibility and biosafety. The optimization of the characteristics of bone cement has become of great interest. Bone cement can be mainly divided into 3 types: polymethyl methacrylate, calcium phosphate cement, and calcium sulfate cement. Each type of cement has its own advantages and disadvantages. In the past 10 years, the performance of bone cement has been greatly improved via different methods. The aim of our review is to provide an overview of the current progress in the types of modified bone cement and summarize the key clinical findings.