解耦(概率)
电解质
水溶液
流动电池
电压
体积流量
开路电压
法拉第效率
化学
渡线
氧化还原
材料科学
化学工程
无机化学
计算机科学
电极
电气工程
控制工程
热力学
工程类
物理
物理化学
人工智能
作者
Dawei Xi,Abdulrahman M. Alfaraidi,Jinxu Gao,Thomas Cochard,Luana Cristina Italiano Faria,Zheng Yang,Thomas Y. George,Taobo Wang,Roy G. Gordon,Richard Y. Liu,Michael J. Aziz
出处
期刊:Nature Energy
[Springer Nature]
日期:2024-02-19
卷期号:9 (4): 479-490
被引量:8
标识
DOI:10.1038/s41560-024-01474-1
摘要
Establishing a pH difference between the two electrolytes (pH decoupling) of an aqueous redox flow battery (ARFB) enables cell voltages exceeding the 1.23 V thermodynamic water-splitting window, but acid–base crossover penalizes efficiency and lifetime. Here we employ mildly acidic and mildly alkaline electrolytes to mitigate crossover, achieving high round-trip energy efficiency with open circuit voltage >1.7 V. We implemented an acid–base regeneration system to periodically restore electrolytes to their initial pH values. The combined system exhibited capacity fade rate <0.07% per day, round-trip energy efficiency >85% and approximately 99% Coulombic efficiency during stable operation for over a week. Cost analysis shows that the tolerance of acid–base crossover could be increased if the pH-decoupling ARFB achieved a higher voltage output and lower resistance. This work demonstrates principles for improving lifespan, rate capability and energy efficiency in high-voltage pH-decoupling ARFBs and pH recovery concepts applicable for pH-decoupling systems. Establishing pH differences in aqueous flow batteries widens their voltage window, but acid–base mixing shortens their lifespan. In this study, the authors introduced a pH recovery system to address crossover issues, ensuring long-lasting, high-voltage pH-decoupled flow batteries.
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