Research progress of autonomous navigation technology for multi-agricultural scenes

Due to the increasing demand for food, the global shortage of agricultural labor and the reduction in the utilization of agricultural resources, the demand for agricultural autonomous navigation technology and equipment has become increasingly urgent. Compared to the closed express structured environment for self-driving cars, the agricultural scene is complex and diverse, and its navigation modes and core technologies are also significantly different. In view of this, it is of great value to summarize the development characteristics and trends of autonomous navigation technology in fields, orchards, greenhouses and other scenarios. In this paper, (1) firstly, the types and characteristics of multi-agricultural scenes are analyzed, the principle and mode of agricultural autonomous navigation are expounded, and the agricultural autonomous navigation system and architecture are introduced; (2) secondly, the research status of autonomous navigation technology in open field agriculture, orchard agriculture, facility agriculture, livestock and poultry agriculture and aquatic agriculture is investigated; (3) finally, it is predicted that the differentiated autonomous navigation technology scheme for multi-scene agriculture, multi-dimensional perception, self-understanding navigation technology in agricultural scenarios, selective autonomous navigation technology for task self-matching fusion, the cooperative autonomous navigation technology for multi machine ad hoc network clusters, and the fault self-checking remote diagnosis navigation system are the future research hotspots and development trends. At the same time, it is clear that the in-depth practical application of artificial intelligence, the in-depth research and development of high-precision and low-cost sensors, and the collaborative integration technology of agricultural machinery and agronomy are the critical path to promote the breakthrough of agricultural autonomous navigation technology. The summary and prospect of this paper have positive significance for promoting the overall development of agricultural autonomous navigation technology.