Nanomaterial refers to the basic unit of the material in three dimensions, at least one dimension size in the range of 1–100 nm. Efficient use of energy, eco-friendly environmental systems, and technologies plays an important role in global sustainable development. Multifunctional nanostructured materials (i.e., nanomaterials) have excellent properties and can meet the practical needs of energy development and environmental remediation. The book of "Nanostructured Materials: Physiochemical Fundamentals for Energy and Environmental Applications" is divided into three parts: the first part is the basic theory and physicochemical basis of nanomaterials (Chapters 1–6Chapter 2Chapter 3Chapter 4Chapter 5Chapter 6); the second part is the introduction of energy and environment applications (Chapters 7–18Chapter 7Chapter 8Chapter 9Chapter 10Chapter 11Chapter 12Chapter 13Chapter 14Chapter 15Chapter 16Chapter 17Chapter 18), and the third part is the typical cases and progress of nanomaterials (Chapters 19–32Chapter 19Chapter 20Chapter 21Chapter 22Chapter 23Chapter 24Chapter 25Chapter 26Chapter 27Chapter 28Chapter 29Chapter 30Chapter 31Chapter 32). This book can help researchers and industrial technicians to understand the development status and specific applications of nanomaterials and provide an important reference for students to choose and understand the research direction in this field.