Establishment of <i>Amaranthus</i> spp. calluses and cell suspension culture, and the effect of plant growth regulators on total flavonoid content

To explore the effects of the combination of auxin and cytokinin on amaranths callus induction, proliferation and the content of flavonoids, Amaranthus spp. was used to carry out the research in this article. The results showed that explants in MS + 3.0 mg /L BAP + 0.5 mg /L 2,4-D could promote callus formation and growth. The callus in PI 277269, Ame 18049, and PI 604669 hypocotyl has a high induction rate, but it was compact. The callus in PI 572261 was opposite. The callus proliferation has been maintained for more 3 years, and the proliferation coefficient was up to 25.24 in the medium (MS + 3.0 mg /L BAP + 0.5 mg /L 2,4-D). The growth curve of amaranth callus is 'S' curve on the solid medium or in the suspension cell culture. MS + 3.0 mg /L BAP + 0.5 mg /L 2,4-D was beneficial for the content and yield of flavonoid in the callus.