Protected area planning to conserve biodiversity in an uncertain future

生物多样性 生物多样性保护 地理 环境资源管理 环境规划 环境科学 生态学 生物
作者
Richard Schuster,Rachel T. Buxton,Jeffrey O. Hanson,Allison D. Binley,Jeremy Pittman,Vivitskaia Tulloch,Frank A. La Sorte,Patrick R. Roehrdanz,Peter H. Verburg,Amanda D. Rodewald,Scott Wilson,Hugh P. Possingham,Joseph Bennett
出处
期刊:Conservation Biology [Wiley]
卷期号:37 (3) 被引量:12
标识
DOI:10.1111/cobi.14048
摘要

Abstract Protected areas are a key instrument for conservation. Despite this, they are vulnerable to risks associated with weak governance, land‐use intensification, and climate change. We used a novel hierarchical optimization approach to identify priority areas for expanding the global protected area system that explicitly accounted for such risks while maximizing protection of all known terrestrial vertebrate species. To incorporate risk categories, we built on the minimum set problem, where the objective is to reach species distribution protection targets while accounting for 1 constraint, such as land cost or area. We expanded this approach to include multiple objectives accounting for risk in the problem formulation by treating each risk layer as a separate objective in the problem formulation. Reducing exposure to these risks required expanding the area of the global protected area system by 1.6% while still meeting conservation targets. Incorporating risks from weak governance drove the greatest changes in spatial priorities for protection, and incorporating risks from climate change required the largest increase (2.52%) in global protected area. Conserving wide‐ranging species required countries with relatively strong governance to protect more land when they bordered nations with comparatively weak governance. Our results underscore the need for cross‐jurisdictional coordination and demonstrate how risk can be efficiently incorporated into conservation planning. Planeación de las áreas protegidas para conservar la biodiversidad en un futuro incierto

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