[The relationship between hazard ratio and median survival time].

The hazard ratio and median survival time are the routine indicators in survival analysis. We briefly introduced the relationship between hazard ratio and median survival time and the role of proportional hazard assumption. We compared 110 pairs of hazard ratio and median survival time ratio in 58 articles and demonstrated the reasons for the difference by examples. The results showed that the hazard ratio estimated by the Cox regression model is unreasonable and not equivalent to median survival time ratio when the proportional hazard assumption is not met. Therefore, before performing the Cox regression model, the proportional hazard assumption should be tested first. If proportional hazard assumption is met, Cox regression model can be used; if proportional hazard assumption is not met, restricted mean survival times is suggested.风险比（hazard ratio，HR）和中位生存时间是生存分析时的常规分析和报告指标。本文简要介绍了HR和中位生存时间的关系以及比例风险假定在这两者之间的作用，分析了检索出的58篇文献中的110对风险比和中位生存时间比的差异，并通过实例阐明了产生这种差异的原因。结果表明，在不满足比例风险假定时，Cox回归模型计算得到的风险比是不合理的，且与中位生存时间之比不等价。因此，在使用Cox回归模型前，应先进行比例风险假定的检验，只有符合比例风险假定时才能使用该模型；当不符合比例风险假定时，建议使用限制性平均生存时间。.