Screening of pharmaceuticals in coastal waters of the southern coast of Viti Levu in Fiji, South Pacific

环境科学 环境化学 污染物 化学 生物 生态学
作者
Jasha Dehm,Shubha S. Singh,Marta Ferreira,Susanna Piovano,Jerker Fick
出处
期刊:Chemosphere [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:276: 130161-130161 被引量:21
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130161
摘要

The global reliance on pharmaceuticals coupled with the lack of effective treatment methods has resulted in pseudo-persistence of pharmaceuticals within the environment. Globally, efforts to quantify and monitor pharmaceuticals within the environment have been well underway, however few studies have been made within small Pacific Islands. This study aims at screening for the occurrence and concentration of pharmaceutical residues within the southern coastal waters of Fiji's main island, Viti Levu. Water samples were collected from a depth of ca. 0.6 m from seven sites and were analyzed for 80 pharmaceuticals via a combination of chromatography and heated electrospray ionization. Seventy-two pharmaceuticals were quantified at least once with average concentrations ranging between 0.04 ng/L (diltiazem) and 19 ng/L (ketoconazole), and with all but two pharmaceuticals (trimethoprim and biperiden) being present in less than 50% of the samples. Findings suggest that even though the release of pharmaceuticals into the marine environment is sporadic and pharmaceuticals are diluted via turbulent mixing, there are measurable concentrations of pharmaceuticals in Fiji and these pollutants are not necessarily restricted to highly populated areas.
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