医学
脂肪因子
代谢综合征
肥胖
内科学
腺癌
胰岛素抵抗
全身炎症
病因学
炎症
肿瘤科
癌症
生物信息学
内分泌学
生物
作者
Aoife M. Ryan,Michelle Duong,Laura Healy,Stephen A. Ryan,Niyati Parekh,John V. Reynolds,Derek G. Power
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.canep.2011.03.001
摘要
Background: Rates of distal and junctional adenocarcinomas are increasing in Western countries. Methods: Systematic review of epidemiological evidence linking obesity to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA) was performed for studies published from 2005 to 2010. The current understanding of obesity's role in the etiology and potential dysplastic progression of Barrett's esophagus (BE) to EA is reviewed. Results: Accumulating epidemiological studies provide evidence of obesity's role as a driving force behind the increasing rates of EA. The simplest construct is that obesity promotes reflux, causing chronic inflammation and BE, predisposing to adenocarcinoma. However, as obesity is positively associated with the prevalence of many cancers, other mechanisms are important. A link may exist between fat distribution patterns and the risk of BE and EA. Altered metabolic profiles in the metabolic syndrome (MetS) may be a key factor in cell cycle/genetic abnormalities that mark the progression of BE towards cancer. Research highlighting a unique role of MetS in the length of BE, and its association with systemic inflammation and insulin resistance is discussed, as well as adipokine receptor expression in both BE and esophageal epithelium, and how MetS and the systemic response impacts on key regulators of inflammation and tumorigenesis. Conclusions/impact: Obesity is positively associated with EA. The systemic inflammatory state consequent on the altered metabolism of obese patients, and the associated impact of adipocytokines and pro-coagulant factors released by adipocytes in central fat, may underlie obesity's relationship to this cancer. Novel therapeutic agents that may antagonize adipo-cytokines and potentially offer a promising role in cancer therapy are discussed.
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