The chemical constituents of Gelsemium elegans were studied.13 alkaloids were isolated by column chromatography,while their structures were identified on the basis of spectroscopic date.Including 3 of Sarpagine-type alkaloids:Gardnerine(1),Koumidine(2),N-methoxyanhydrovo-basinediol(3).3 of Humantenine-type alkaloids:Humantenine(4),Humantenirine(5),Rankinidine(6).3 of Gelsedine-type alkaloids:Gelsedine(7),Gelsenicine(8),19-Oxo-gelsenicine(9).2 of Koumine-type alkaloids :Koumine(10),19S-Kouminol(11),2 of Gelsemine-type alkaloids:Gelsemine(12),Gelesevirine(13) relatively,which constitute the basic biogenetic pathway of Gelsemium alkaloids.