Disturbance of Mitochondrial Dynamics, Endoplasmic Reticulum–Mitochondria Crosstalk, Redox Homeostasis, and Inflammatory Response in the Brain of Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase-Deficient Mice: Neuroprotective Effects of Bezafibrate

内分泌学 内科学 线粒体分裂 脂质过氧化 神经保护 纹状体 化学 氧化应激 线粒体 生物 生物化学 医学 多巴胺
作者
Bianca Seminotti,Morgana Brondani,Rafael Teixeira Ribeiro,Guilhian Leipnitz,Moaçir Wajner
出处
期刊:Molecular Neurobiology [Springer Nature]
卷期号:59 (8): 4839-4853 被引量:4
标识
DOI:10.1007/s12035-022-02887-3
摘要

Patients with glutaric aciduria type 1 (GA1), a neurometabolic disorder caused by deficiency of glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCDH) activity, commonly manifest acute encephalopathy associated with severe striatum degeneration and progressive cortical and striatal injury whose pathogenesis is still poorly known. We evaluated redox homeostasis, inflammatory response, mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics, endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–mitochondria crosstalk, and ER stress in the brain of GCDH-deficient (Gcdh−/−) and wild-type (Gcdh+/+) mice fed a high Lys chow, which better mimics the human neuropathology mainly characterized by striatal lesions. Increased lipid peroxidation and altered antioxidant defenses, including decreased concentrations of reduced glutathione and increased activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione transferase, were observed in the striatum and cerebral cortex of Gcdh−/− mice. Augmented Iba-1 staining was also found in the dorsal striatum and neocortex, whereas the nuclear content of NF-κB was increased, and the cytosolic content of IκBα decreased in the striatum of the mutant animals, indicating a pro-inflammatory response. Noteworthy, in vivo treatment with the pan-PPAR agonist bezafibrate normalized these alterations. It was also observed that the ER–mitochondria crosstalk proteins VDAC1 and IP3R were reduced, whereas the ER stress protein DDIT3 was augmented in Gcdh−/− striatum, signaling disturbances of these processes. Finally, DRP1 content was elevated in the striatum of Gcdh−/− mice, indicating activated mitochondrial fission. We presume that some of these novel pathomechanisms may be involved in GA1 neuropathology and that bezafibrate should be tested as a potential adjuvant therapy for GA1.
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