Platinum-based electrochemical sensors for glucose detection: a mini-review

This mini-review provides a comprehensive overview of platinum-based electrochemical sensors for glucose detection, focusing on recent advancements in material design, fabrication techniques, and the application of single-atom catalysts. Platinum's exceptional electrocatalytic properties and inherent stability have made it a cornerstone material for developing sensitive, selective, and stable glucose sensors. Performance evaluations from the literature reveal sensors with sensitivities exceeding 850 μA/mM cm² and detection limits as low as 3.6 μM. This review examines various approaches to enhancing sensor performance, including the use of different platinum nanostructures (e.g., nanoparticles, nanowires), the incorporation of conductive polymers or metal oxides, and the application of various electrochemical techniques (e.g., amperometry, cyclic voltammetry). Despite these advancements, challenges remain in achieving improved selectivity, stability, and cost-effectiveness. Future research directions include exploring novel platinum-based materials, developing advanced fabrication techniques such as 3D printing, integrating microfluidic platforms, and leveraging single-atom catalysis to enhance sensor performance further. Developing reliable and efficient platinum-based electrochemical glucose sensors is crucial for advancing diabetes management, biomedical research, and point-of-care diagnostics. This review aims to inspire continued research and innovation in this promising field.