ADDRESSING POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS: THE ROLE OF ORAL MEDICATIONS

A signicant proportion of postmenopausal women in India go through osteoporosis. Clinical evaluations and dualenergy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans are frequently used to screen for this condition. When individuals are identied as having an increased risk of fractures based on screening results, oral treatments are commonly suggested. After an osteoporosis diagnosis, oral bisphosphonates such as alendronate, ibandronate, and risedronate are typically employed as the main methods to prevent fractures.Selectiveestrogen receptor modulators, estrogen-containing medications, and other substances like tibolone that mimic the actions of estrogen are all examples of hormonal therapy. Following a diagnosis, lifestyle changes including supplementation and exercise are utilized as a supplemental form of treatment. These changes may help prevent osteoporosis. These treatments' main drawbacks are their side effects. Treatment plans should be customized depending on the substantial risk factors that patients have shown,the side effects, and the clinical outcome of the treatment. Hormone replacement therapies pose the most serious risk factors for choosing a medication since they increase the risk of venous thrombosis, coronary artery disease, breast cancer, and uterine cancer. The most frequent side effect of bisphosphonates is gastrointestinal pain, which can be lessened with careful dosage. These drugs have shown to be effective in preventing vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in post-menopausal women, while having side effects. Clinical judgment should be used to choose the best course of therapy based on the goals and experiences of the patient after weighing the risk of fracture against the risk of adverse events related to each of the regimens.