Gallstone Disease, Obesity and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes Ratio as a Possible Biomarker of Gut Dysbiosis

厚壁菌 拟杆菌 蛋白质细菌 生物 瘤胃球菌 普雷沃菌属 肠道菌群 拟杆菌 维管菌 双歧杆菌 失调 微生物学 乳酸菌 链球菌 免疫学 遗传学 细菌 16S核糖体RNA
作者
И. Н. Григорьева
出处
期刊:Journal of Personalized Medicine [Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute]
卷期号:11 (1): 13-13 被引量:200
标识
DOI:10.3390/jpm11010013
摘要

Obesity is a major risk factor for developing gallstone disease (GSD). Previous studies have shown that obesity is associated with an elevated Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the gut microbiota. These findings suggest that the development of GSD may be related to gut dysbiosis. This review presents and summarizes the recent findings of studies on the gut microbiota in patients with GSD. Most of the studies on the gut microbiota in patients with GSD have shown a significant increase in the phyla Firmicutes (Lactobacillaceae family, genera Clostridium, Ruminococcus, Veillonella, Blautia, Dorea, Anaerostipes, and Oscillospira), Actinobacteria (Bifidobacterium genus), Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes (genera Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Fusobacterium) and a significant decrease in the phyla Bacteroidetes (family Muribaculaceae, and genera Bacteroides, Prevotella, Alistipes, Paludibacter, Barnesiella), Firmicutes (genera Faecalibacterium, Eubacterium, Lachnospira, and Roseburia), Actinobacteria (Bifidobacterium genus), and Proteobacteria (Desulfovibrio genus). The influence of GSD on microbial diversity is not clear. Some studies report that GSD reduces microbial diversity in the bile, whereas others suggest the increase in microbial diversity in the bile of patients with GSD. The phyla Proteobacteria (especially family Enterobacteriaceae) and Firmicutes (Enterococcus genus) are most commonly detected in the bile of patients with GSD. On the other hand, the composition of bile microbiota in patients with GSD shows considerable inter-individual variability. The impact of GSD on the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio is unclear and reports are contradictory. For this reason, it should be stated that the results of reviewed studies do not allow for drawing unequivocal conclusions regarding the relationship between GSD and the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio in the microbiota.
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