Advances in the gut microbiome and mood disorders

情绪障碍 微生物群 双相情感障碍 心情 重性抑郁障碍 肠道菌群 医学 临床试验 精神科 随机对照试验 心理干预 临床心理学 心理学 生物信息学 内科学 免疫学 生物 焦虑
作者
Sabrina Mörkl,Mary I. Butler,Sonja Lackner
出处
期刊:Current Opinion in Psychiatry [Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
卷期号:36 (1): 1-7 被引量:11
标识
DOI:10.1097/yco.0000000000000829
摘要

Purpose of review The gut microbiome is in constant bidirectional communication with the brain through the microbiota-gut-brain-axis. Mood disorders are among the most common psychiatric disorders and include major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. The gut microbiome is altered in individuals with mood disorders and has a role in its inflammatory pathophysiology. In this article, we performed a narrative review of clinical studies, randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses addressing advances in gut microbiome research in mood disorders and included articles that were published between 2021 and 2022. Recent findings Studies highlight transdiagnostic alterations of microbiota in mood disorders, with reductions of butyrate-producing bacteria. Participants with major depressive disorder showed altered beta-diversity, while participants with bipolar disorder showed reduced alpha-diversity. Both disorders exhibit alterations in the metabolome. Early pilot studies addressed the possibility of using the gut microbiome for the prediction of treatment response and the blood microbiome for the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders. Findings from clinical trials support the use of probiotics as an add-on therapy for major depressive disorder. The second published case report in the literature reported a favourable outcome of a patient with bipolar disorder after faecal microbiota transplantation. Summary Gut microbiome modulations allow new treatment strategies including the use of psychobiotics for the treatment and prevention of mood disorders. Well designed clinical trials aiming for personalized medicine are needed to investigate the efficacy and safety of psychobiotic interventions.
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