NOMA -Spatial Modulation: Solving Power Allocation Issue via Improved Black Widow Optimization

Developing next-generation multiple access (MA) schemes that can provide high spectral efficiency (SE) and a higher connection scale is crucial for managing the unpredictable traffic expansion of next-generation wireless interactions. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in the power domain has recently been the subject of in-depth research. To minimize either the average or maximum symbol error rate (SER), this work develops a novel NOMA-based SM system that considers power allocation. The new perception, which guarantees higher throughput, is NOMA-APM with scrambling in this context. A more advanced or better optimization approach addresses this optimization problem. Here, Black Widow Optimization with New Mating Behavior (BWO-NMB) is deployed for attaining minimal error and power utilization. Eventually, the enhancement of BWO-NMB based technique is confirmed over other schemes as well as for with and without AS.