Phospholipids, Sphingolipids, and Cholesterol-Derived Lipid Mediators and Their Role in Neurological Disorders

鞘脂 胆固醇 脂质信号 脂质积聚 化学 神经科学 生物化学 心理学 受体
作者
Akhlaq A. Farooqui,Tahira Farooqui
标识
DOI:10.20944/preprints202408.0294.v1
摘要

Neural membranes are composed of phospholipids, sphingolipids, cholesterol and proteins. In re-sponse to cell stimulation or injury, metabolism of lipids generates various lipid mediators, which perform many cellular functions. Thus, phospholipids release arachidonic acid or docosahex-aenoic acid from the sn-2 position of glycerol moiety by the action of phospholipases A2. Ara-chidonic acid is a precursor for prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxane, and lipoxins. Among these mediators, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, and thromboxane produce neuroinflammation. In contrast, lipoxins produce anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving effects. Prostaglandins, leukotri-enes, and thromboxane are also involved in cell proliferation, differentiation, and blood clotting, and blood vessel permeability. In contrast, DHA-derived lipid mediators are called as specialized pro-resolving lipid metabolites (SPMs). They include resolvins, protectins, and maresins. These mediators regulate immune function by producing anti-inflammatory, pro-resolving, and cell pro-tective effects. Sphingolipid derived-metabolites are ceramide, ceramide1-phosphate, sphingosine, and sphingosine 1 phosphate. They regulate many cellular processes including enzyme activities, cell migration and adhesion, inflammation, and immunity. Cholesterol is metabolized into hy-droxycholesterols and 7-ketocholesterol, which not only disrupts membrane fluidity, but also promotes inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. These processes lead to cellular damage.

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
Jenny完成签到,获得积分0
1秒前
1秒前
犹豫的怀蝶完成签到,获得积分10
1秒前
1秒前
戈惜完成签到,获得积分10
1秒前
水蜜桃完成签到,获得积分10
2秒前
心有猛虎完成签到,获得积分10
3秒前
花阳年华完成签到 ,获得积分10
3秒前
4秒前
管理想完成签到,获得积分10
4秒前
4秒前
dfswf完成签到 ,获得积分10
4秒前
osmanthus完成签到,获得积分10
4秒前
Tin完成签到,获得积分10
6秒前
6秒前
5433完成签到 ,获得积分10
10秒前
李健的小迷弟应助qu采纳,获得30
10秒前
rio完成签到 ,获得积分10
10秒前
11秒前
李朝富发布了新的文献求助10
11秒前
现代宝宝完成签到,获得积分10
11秒前
13秒前
宇文傲龙完成签到 ,获得积分0
14秒前
慕容铭完成签到,获得积分10
14秒前
卿莞尔完成签到 ,获得积分10
15秒前
YY完成签到,获得积分10
15秒前
清爽笑翠完成签到 ,获得积分10
16秒前
16秒前
serenity711完成签到 ,获得积分10
16秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
17秒前
MOF完成签到 ,获得积分10
18秒前
晨曦完成签到,获得积分10
18秒前
苏州小北完成签到,获得积分10
19秒前
标致的泥猴桃完成签到,获得积分10
19秒前
沉默的冬寒完成签到 ,获得积分10
19秒前
缓慢的白开水完成签到,获得积分10
20秒前
坚果完成签到 ,获得积分10
20秒前
20秒前
20秒前
酷炫的电源完成签到 ,获得积分10
21秒前
高分求助中
Production Logging: Theoretical and Interpretive Elements 2700
Neuromuscular and Electrodiagnostic Medicine Board Review 1000
Statistical Methods for the Social Sciences, Global Edition, 6th edition 600
こんなに痛いのにどうして「なんでもない」と医者にいわれてしまうのでしょうか 510
Walter Gilbert: Selected Works 500
An Annotated Checklist of Dinosaur Species by Continent 500
岡本唐貴自伝的回想画集 500
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 物理 生物化学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 内科学 复合材料 物理化学 电极 遗传学 量子力学 基因 冶金 催化作用
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3661181
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3222298
关于积分的说明 9744486
捐赠科研通 2931912
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1605300
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 757805
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 734569