Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Current Treatment Strategies in Stroke

流行病学 冲程(发动机) 病理生理学 医学 电流(流体) 重症监护医学 病理 工程类 机械工程 电气工程
作者
Zubair Ahmed,Fihr Chaudhary,Devendra K. Agrawal
出处
期刊:Cardiology and cardiovascular medicine [Fortune Journals]
卷期号:8 (4) 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.26502/fccm.92920399
摘要

Both ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes are critical health issues and the incidence is on the rise. The rapid neurological degeneration that can occur with either type of stroke warrants prompt medical attention. In the article, we critically reviewed the literature examining their incidence, pathophysiology, and present treatment strategies. Clinical trials show conflicting findings, with ischemic strokes accounting for 87% of all strokes. Brain injury following an ischemic stroke results in cell death and necrosis, immune cells being the primary actors in the process of neuroinflammation. In order to develop neuroprotective drugs against ischemic stroke, detailed investigation of glutamate production and metabolism as well as downstream pathways controlled by glutamate receptors provides significant information on the underlying mechanisms. The permeability of the blood-brain barrier and the degradation of glutamine synthase are two potential mechanisms by which peritoneal dialysis accelerates brain-to-blood glutamate clearance and thus reduces glutamate levels in the brain after a stroke. Oxidative stress in an ischemic stroke disturbs the oxidant-antioxidant balance, which is particularly problematic for brain cells that are high in polyunsaturated fatty acids. Because of demographic factors like age, sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, the incidence and prevalence of stroke differ across people and regions. For rapid diagnosis and treatment decisions, diagnostic imaging tools such as vascular imaging, CT, and MRI are essential. To aid in the recovery and lessen neurological impairments following a stroke, novel avenues of research are under investigation on neuroprotective medications that target inflammation, oxidative stress, and neuronal death.

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
大幅提高文件上传限制,最高150M (2024-4-1)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
2秒前
xl完成签到 ,获得积分10
3秒前
4秒前
pluto应助小江采纳,获得30
5秒前
不加盐完成签到,获得积分10
5秒前
5秒前
Akim应助Trankhaiuy采纳,获得10
5秒前
苏瑾行发布了新的文献求助10
6秒前
6秒前
我是老大应助gms采纳,获得10
8秒前
8秒前
桐桐应助碧蓝板栗采纳,获得20
9秒前
沙丁鹌鹑发布了新的文献求助10
9秒前
Li发布了新的文献求助10
10秒前
Leif应助hujing采纳,获得10
11秒前
香蕉觅云应助深情代玉采纳,获得10
11秒前
12秒前
CodeCraft应助ardejiang采纳,获得10
12秒前
12秒前
木子完成签到,获得积分10
12秒前
洛小叶完成签到 ,获得积分10
15秒前
maox1aoxin应助Dr大壮采纳,获得30
17秒前
18秒前
Sn发布了新的文献求助20
18秒前
ssh发布了新的文献求助10
18秒前
一颗西柚完成签到 ,获得积分10
19秒前
20秒前
长情的涔完成签到 ,获得积分10
22秒前
imkhun1021发布了新的文献求助10
22秒前
23秒前
George完成签到 ,获得积分10
23秒前
风起枫落发布了新的文献求助10
24秒前
25秒前
tt发布了新的文献求助10
25秒前
啪唧完成签到,获得积分10
26秒前
27秒前
28秒前
啪唧发布了新的文献求助10
28秒前
朴实的青文完成签到,获得积分10
28秒前
29秒前
高分求助中
Mantiden: Faszinierende Lauerjäger Faszinierende Lauerjäger Heßler, Claudia, Rud 1000
PraxisRatgeber: Mantiden: Faszinierende Lauerjäger 1000
Natural History of Mantodea 螳螂的自然史 1000
A Photographic Guide to Mantis of China 常见螳螂野外识别手册 800
Autoregulatory progressive resistance exercise: linear versus a velocity-based flexible model 500
Spatial Political Economy: Uneven Development and the Production of Nature in Chile 400
Research on managing groups and teams 300
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 医学 生物 材料科学 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 基因 遗传学 物理化学 催化作用 细胞生物学 免疫学 冶金
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3330222
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 2959796
关于积分的说明 8597036
捐赠科研通 2638227
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1444215
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 669074
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 656613