Development and Validation of a Visual Symptom–Specific Patient-Reported Outcomes Instrument for Adults With Cataract Intraocular Lens Implants

To develop a patient-reported outcome measure for capturing visual and ocular symptoms before and after implantation of intraocular lenses (IOLs) for treatment of cataracts.Questionnaire development and validation study.The Questionnaire for Visual Disturbances (QUVID) was developed based on a literature and instrument review; 13 clinician interviews among ophthalmologists in the United States and Europe; and 67 hybrid qualitative patient interviews among adult patients in the United States and Australia before and/or after monofocal, traditional multifocal, or trifocal IOL implantation. Assessment of the QUVID's psychometric properties was conducted via a noninterventional cross-sectional study of previously treated cataract patients in the United States, Canada, and Australia (n = 150), and assessment of ability to detect meaningful change via 2 pivotal US clinical trials among patients with trifocal or extended vision IOL compared with monofocal IOL controls (n = 457).The QUVID includes subitems about the bothersomeness of 7 visual symptoms: starburst, halo, glare, hazy vision, blurred vision, double vision, and dark areas. The postoperative version contains 1 item asking the respondents whether their symptoms bothered them enough to want another surgery, if the IOL was the cause.The QUVID was reviewed by the US Food and Drug Administration and found appropriate as a fit-for-purpose measure, demonstrating requisite evidence for content validity, construct validity, reliability, and ability to detect change.