底栖区
无脊椎动物
沉积物
环境科学
污染
生物利用度
环境化学
无脊椎动物
海洋学
渔业
生态学
地质学
生物
化学
生物信息学
地貌学
作者
Peter F. Landrum,John A. Robbins
出处
期刊:CRC Press eBooks
[Informa]
日期:2020-01-31
卷期号:: 237-263
被引量:32
标识
DOI:10.1201/9780367810894-8
摘要
Reductions in the exposure of benthos to sediment-associated contaminants through behavioral modification can also occur for infaunal organisms such as oligochaetes. Understanding partitioning between sediment particles and interstitial water is important for understanding contaminant bioavailability. Field monitoring studies have shown that changes in portions of the ecosystem, particularly changes in the benthic community structure, are correlated with increased sediment-associated contaminants within the Great Lakes. Important sediment properties that enhance sorption, thereby reducing bioavailability, include the organic carbon content, particle size distribution, clay type and content, cation exchange capacity, and pH. Hysteresis effects exist in the time relations between adsorption and desorption of contaminants to sediment. Nonpolar organic compounds associate rapidly with sedimentary materials but desorb more slowly. The biological processes and characteristics that influence the transfer of contaminants from sediments include organism behavior, modes and rate of feeding, source of water — interstitial water versus overlying water — for respiration, and organism size.
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