[Advances in the research of animal model of pressure ulcer].

Pressure ulcer is localized damage to the skin and subcutaneous tissue usually over a bony prominence as a result of prolonged pressure, shear force, and friction. The effect of external force on soft tissue is affected by many factors, such as local microenvironment, tissue blood supply, nutritional status, and underlying diseases of patients. Although great efforts have been made by mankind to prevent and treat pressure ulcer in last decades, its prevalence is still high, and the curative effect is still not impressive. The treatment of pressure ulcer is a challenge today, and it is necessary to seek new treatment methods. However, the prerequisite for exploring new treatment methods is to find a proper animal model and further explore new therapies through animal experiments. The pathogenesis of pressure ulcer is complex, and the formation process is affected by a variety of factors. To date, there is no recognized standard animal model. We review the pathogenesis of pressure ulcer and the recently reported animal models of pressure ulcer, so as to provide basic experimental basis for further research on the occurrence, development, and prevention of pressure ulcer.压疮是由于长时间的压力、剪切力和摩擦力作用造成的骨骼表面皮肤和皮下组织局部损伤，而外力对软组织的作用受到局部微环境、组织血液供应、营养状况及基础疾病等多种因素的影响。尽管几十年来人们为预防和治疗压疮做出了巨大努力，但压疮的发病率仍然很高，疗效仍不容乐观。压疮治疗仍是一个挑战，有必要寻求新的治疗方法。然而，探索新的治疗方法的先决条件是找到一个合适的动物模型，通过动物实验进一步探究新的治疗方案。压疮的发病机制复杂，形成过程受多种因素影响，迄今为止，没有公认的标准动物模型。本文回顾压疮发病机制和近期报道的压疮动物模型，为进一步研究压疮的发生、发展和预防提供基础实验依据。.