The Novel Biomarkers in Diabetes.

According to International Diabetes Federation, the worldwide prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) in adults is 318 million and is expected to reach 482 million by 2040. With increasing burden of prediabetes and their expectant progression in diabetes has compounded the problem. Now question is that how we can identify the subjects at high risk to develop prediabetic state and among them who will rapidly progress into diabetes? Once a person diagnosed to be a diabetic then there are only few marker which can depict development of diabetes related complications and also to help in preventing such diabetes related complication progression. In this article, we will review several biomarkers used to predict the risk of progression to prediabetes, diabetes states in context to their mechanism of action, sensitivity, specificity, advantages, disadvantages and association with dysglycemia. The risk stratification arising due to insulin resistance by novel biomarker will improve clinical outcome both in prediabetics and diabetics.