Melatonin and Related Compounds as Antioxidants

Abstract: Oxidative stress has been reported to be involved in the onset and development of several diseases, including neurodegenerative and cardiovascular disorders, some types of cancer, and diabetes. Therefore, finding strategies to detoxify free radicals is an active area of research. One of these strategies is the use of natural or synthetic antioxidants. In this context, melatonin (MLT) has been proven to possess most of the required characteristics of an efficient antioxidant. In addition, its protection against oxidative stress continues after being metabolized, since its metabolites also exhibit antioxidant capacity. Based on the appealing properties of MLT and its metabolites, various synthetic analogues have been developed to obtain compounds with higher activity and lower side effects. This review addresses recent studies with MLT and related compounds as potential antioxidants. A R T I C L E H I S T O R Y Received: March 25, 2023 Revised: May 06, 2023 Accepted: May 30, 2023 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230627140816 Keywords: Melatonin, circadian rhythms, indole nucleus, antioxidants, oxidative stress, radical scavengers, neurodegenerative