A comprehensive Review: The approach for fabrication of Core/Shell Au nanocomposite and Modification, Properties, applications of Au NPs

The core/shell nanocomposite has attracted considerable attention and developed at the frontier of advanced materials due to their unique properties and versatile applications, especially the core@shell Au nanoparticles (NPs). As noble metal, Au NPs is employed to construct core@shell architecture of nanocomposite as core or shell. In the paper, a comprehensive overview of the approach and technique for fabrication of Au coating core NPs as core@Au is provided. Seed-mediated growth technique as the traditional method is elucidated firstly, followed by templated and assembly synthesis method. Some other synthetic strategy based on chemical substance, such as sodium citrate, silane coupling, polymer, thiols, micelle method, and electrodeposition, transmetalation method are highlighted in detail. The representative procedures and mechanism of the approaches for construction of core@Au nanocomposite are discussed. Besides, three main categories of core@Au nanocomposite, including simple substance@Au, oxide@Au, metal salt@Au NPs are introduced briefly. In addition, the synthesis and modification of Au NPs associated it's properties and applications are briefly proposed. As a whole, the universal approaches for synthesis of nanoparticles and core@shell NPs are described simply. It is tend to exhaustively cover all the field of Au NPs. The challenges and perspectives in the future for core@shell NPs is proposed. The review provides shortcut for researchers quickly obtaining technique and experience for core@Au nanocomposite.