The Research Advancement of High‐Temperature Dense Membrane Materials for Hydrogen Separation

Hydrogen separation and purification technologies are crucial for hydrogen energy development. Dense membranes with efficient proton–electron conduction are notable for their effective hydrogen separation and purification from gas mixtures produced by large‐scale steam reforming. However, the limited understanding of the functions of various materials in hydrogen separation membranes has hindered their development. In this article, the physical and chemical properties of various materials are introduced, the impact of each on single–phase hydrogen separation membranes is analyzed, and the synergistic effects of multiple materials in two‐phase membranes are discussed. Herein, the mechanisms of hydrogen separation are elucidated and the proton and electron transfer within these membranes is described. Additionally, hydrogen transport in ceramic membranes is analyzed and the methods to prevent hydrogen leakage during separation are discussed. Finally, suggestions for the development of hydrogen separation membranes are proposed. In this review, it is aimed to summarize existing knowledge and promote innovation in this field.