自噬
脂毒性
脂滴
二酰甘油激酶
细胞器
细胞生物学
生物
脂质代谢
生物发生
线粒体
液泡
生物化学
细胞质
细胞凋亡
内分泌学
信号转导
胰岛素抵抗
蛋白激酶C
基因
胰岛素
作者
Truc Nguyen,James A. Olzmann
出处
期刊:Autophagy
[Informa]
日期:2017-08-14
卷期号:13 (11): 2002-2003
被引量:74
标识
DOI:10.1080/15548627.2017.1359451
摘要
Lipid droplets (LDs) are neutral lipid storage organelles that provide a rapidly accessible source of fatty acids (FAs) for energy during periods of nutrient deprivation. Surprisingly, lipids released by the macroautophagic/autophagic breakdown of membranous organelles are packaged and stored in new LDs during periods of prolonged starvation. Why cells would store FAs during an energy crisis was unknown. In our recent study, we demonstrated that FAs released during MTORC1-regulated autophagy are selectively channeled by DGAT1 (diacylglycerol O-acyltransferase 1) into triacylglycerol (TAG)-rich LDs. These DGAT1-dependent LDs sequester FAs and prevent the accumulation of acylcarnitines, which otherwise directly disrupt mitochondrial integrity. Our findings establish LD biogenesis as a general cellular response to periods of high autophagic flux that provide a lipid buffering system to mitigate lipotoxic cellular damage.
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