[Urine metabolomics study of hepatocellular carcinoma].

Objective: To investigate the urinary small molecular metabolites and their metabolic characteristics of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: High throughput ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS) was used to detect the small molecular metabolites in urine of healthy control (n=10), patients with hepatic hemangioma (n=10) and patients with HCC (n=10). The orthogonal projections to latent structures-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), hierarchical cluster analysis of multivariate analysis and univariate analysis were used to analyze the differential metabolites of the three groups. Results: The metabolic profiles of the three groups showed that the total of 381 differential metabolites were identified and divided into 96 up-regulated metabolites and 285 down-regulated metabolites. There were 55 urinary metabolites specifically related to HCC. Twenty-one of them were significantly up-regulated, including Acetyl-DL-Leucine, Ala Asp, HoPhe-Gly-OH, while 34 were significantly down-regulated, including Selenocystathionine, Met Trp Met Cys, Valsartan acid and so on. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the differential metabolites were mainly enriched in glutamine/glutamate metabolism, lysine biosynthesis, tricarboxylic acid cycle and purine metabolism. Conclusions: The occurrence of HCC is accompanied by the abnormalities of multiple metabolites and metabolic pathways. The analysis of the characteristic metabolic profile of urine in patients with HCC is helpful to find metabolic markers and potential therapeutic targets for liver cancer.目的： 探讨肝细胞癌(HCC)患者尿液小分子代谢物及其代谢特征。 方法： 采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间质谱技术分析健康人群(n＝10)、肝血管瘤患者(n＝10)和HCC患者(n＝10)尿液中的小分子代谢物。采用正交偏最小二乘法-判别分析和层次聚类分析以及单因素分析等方法分析全组人群的尿液代谢物产物差异。 结果： 全组人群中，差异代谢物381种，其中上调的代谢物96种，下调的代谢物285种。与HCC有关的特异性尿液代谢物55种，包括21种上调的代谢物，如Acetyl-DL-Leucine、Ala Asp、HoPhe-Gly-OH等，以及34种下调的代谢物，如Selenocystathionine、Met Trp Met Cys、Valsartan acid等。京都基因与基因组百科全书通路分析显示，差异代谢物主要富集于谷氨酰胺/谷氨酸代谢、赖氨酸生物合成、三羧酸循环和嘌呤代谢等通路。 结论： HCC发生过程中伴随多种代谢物和代谢途径改变，分析HCC患者尿液的特征代谢谱，有助于发现肝癌的代谢标志物和潜在的治疗靶点。.