Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity of a catfish oil and Andrographis paniculata herb extract combination in diabetic rat model

The single use of natural ingredients for the treatment of diabetes mellitus is considered less optimal compared to the combination of several ingredients which is expected to produce a synergistic effect. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the combined effect of catfish oil (CFO) and Andrographis paniculata ethanolic extract (APE) in reducing blood glucose levels and hyperlipidemia in a diabetic rat model. A total of 30 male Wistar rats were used while diabetes was induced using 50 mg/kg streptozotocin. The rats were randomly divided into six groups consisting of the control, diabetes, and drug control group treated with metformin 120 mg/kg; as well as treatments I, II, and III given CFO 1000 mg/kg, CFO 1000 mg/kg + APE 200 mg/kg, and CFO 1000 mg/kg + APE 400 mg/ kg, respectively. The test was carried out for 28 days, then on the 29th day, all the test animals were examined for observation of blood glucose levels and lipid profiles. In the fourth week of testing, all groups showed a significantly different blood glucose profile compared to the diabetes control group with p<0.05. The combined administration of 1000 mg/kg CFO and 400 mg/kg APE showed a better reduction in blood glucose compared to the single dose of CFO (p<0.05). Furthermore, the lipid profiles showed a significant reduction compared with the diabetes control (p<0.05). Except for LDL values, the combination of both doses of CFO+APE showed a better reduction in lipid profile compared to the single CFO. A single dose of CFO and a combination dose of APE provided a beneficial effect by inhibiting the increase in blood glucose levels and lipid profiles in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model. Based on the results, the combined dose of 1000 mg/kg CFO+400 mg APE produced a better effect on most of the blood biochemical parameters than the single administration of CFO