[Investigation on occupational injury of sanitation workers in Shenzhen City].

Objective: To understand the occurrence of occupational injuries among sanitation workers in Shenzhen, and provide a scientific basis for the prevention of occupational injuries among sanitation workers. Methods: From May to November 2020, a cluster sampling method was used to select some street sanitation workers in Shenzhen to conduct a questionnaire survey. A total of 2200 questionnaires were recovered, of which 2167 were valid (98.5% effective recovery rate) . The socio-demographic data, length of service, type of work and occurrence of occupational injuries of sanitation workers were collected, and the distribution characteristics of occupational injuries and their relationship with factors such as type of work were analyzed. Results: Among the 2167 sanitation workers, 240 (11.1%) had experienced occupational injuries. The most common occupational injuries among sanitation workers were sharp injury, heat stroke and motor vehicle traffic accident, with the incidence rates of 6.1% (133/2167) , 2.4% (53/2167) and 1.7% (36/2167) respectively. There were statistically significant differences in the distribution of occupational injuries among sanitation workers with different lengths of work and types of work (P<0.05) . The incidence of occupational injury among sanitation workers with more than 5 years of service was significantly higher than that of workers with less than 5 years of service (P<0.05) . The incidence of sharp injury among garbage sorting and transportation personnel was higher (7.9%, 21/265) , the incidence of heat stroke among manual cleaners was higher (3.1%, 42/1366) , and the incidence of motor vehicle traffic accident among mechanized cleaners was higher (5.4%, 10/184) . Conclusion: There are many cases of occupational injuries among sanitation workers in Shenzhen. Targeted measures should be taken to prevent the occurrence of different types of work and different types of occupational injuries, and to improve the occupational health level of sanitation workers.目的： 了解深圳市环卫工人职业伤害的发生情况，为环卫工人职业伤害的预防提供科学依据。 方法： 于2020年5至11月，通过整群抽样方法，选取深圳市部分街道环卫工人进行问卷调查，共回收2 200份问卷，有效问卷2 167份（有效回收率98.5%）。收集环卫工人社会人口学资料、工龄、工种和职业伤害发生情况等资料，分析其职业伤害的分布特征及与工种等因素之间的关系。 结果： 2 167名环卫工人中，240人（11.1%）发生过职业伤害。环卫工人职业伤害发生较多的为锐器伤、中暑及机动车交通事故，发生率分别为6.1%（133/2 167）、2.4%（53/2 167）和1.7%（36/2 167）。不同工龄和工种环卫工人职业伤害发生情况分布差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。工龄超过5年的环卫工人职业伤害发生率明显高于工龄低于5年的工人（P<0.05）；垃圾整理及运输人员锐器伤发生率较高（7.9%，21/265），手动清扫人员中暑发生率较高（3.1%，42/1 366），机械化清扫人员机动车交通事故发生率较高（5.4%，10/184）。 结论： 深圳市环卫工人发生职业伤害的情况较多，应采取针对性措施预防不同工种以及不同种类职业伤害的发生，提高环卫工人职业健康水平。.