Parameter Sharing Fault Data Generation Method Based on Diffusion Model Under Imbalance Data

Abstract Rotating machinery will inevitably fail under long-term heavy load working conditions. Obtaining enough data to train the deep learning model can enable managers to detect and deal with related failures in time, which greatly improves the safety of equipment operation. Mechanical fault samples are often much smaller than healthy samples. Traditional data enhancement methods mostly change the original data, but cannot improve the diversity of its features, so that the number of fault samples becomes larger, but the features remain unchanged. Aiming at the above problems, a diffusion model based on parameter sharing and inverted bottleneck residual structure (DDPM) is proposed. Firstly, the diffusion process gradually covers the original data with Gaussian noise, to learn the corresponding fault characteristics of the original data. In the diffusion process, the parameter sharing attention mechanism is embedded in the learning process of the diffusion process. Then, the feature extraction module is constructed by using the inverted bottleneck residual structure to enhance the learning ability of the network. After obtaining the fault characteristics of the original data, the reverse process of the results restores the Gaussian noise to data with different fault characteristics through the same steps as the diffusion process. By comparing the results of various generation models and analyzing the characteristics of the generated data, the feasibility and universality of the proposed method in data augmentation tasks are verified.